Understanding Kennel Cough

What is Kennel Cough?

Kennel cough, also known as infectious tracheobronchitis, is a highly contagious respiratory disease in dogs characterized by a persistent cough. The term “tracheobronchitis” refers to the inflammation of the trachea (windpipe) and the bronchial tubes. The disease is caused by a variety of viruses and bacteria, including adenovirus type-2, parainfluenza virus, canine coronavirus, and Bordetella bronchiseptica. The name “kennel cough” originates from the frequent outbreaks in places where dogs are housed together, such as kennels, making the infection easily transmissible.

Clinical Signs of Kennel Cough

The clinical signs of kennel cough can vary but typically include a loud, persistent cough often described as a ‘goose honk’. Other symptoms may include runny eyes and nose, swollen tonsils, wheezing, loss of appetite, and lethargy. Dogs with this condition often cough when their throat is rubbed or after exercise​.

How Dogs Contract Kennel Cough

Kennel cough is highly contagious and spreads through casual contact between dogs, such as sniffing, playing, or sharing water bowls. Factors that increase the likelihood of contracting the infection include stress, cold temperatures, exposure to dust or smoke, and crowded living conditions​.

Treatment for Kennel Cough

Treatment for kennel cough largely depends on the severity and the specific pathogens involved. Viral infections typically do not have specific treatments, but antibiotics like doxycycline and amoxicillin can help manage bacterial infections caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica. In some cases, prolonged treatment may be necessary, but most infections resolve within one to three weeks. Cough suppressants and anti-inflammatory medications can also provide relief​​.

Preventing Kennel Cough

Vaccination is a key preventive measure against kennel cough. Most standard vaccination programs include vaccines for adenovirus and parainfluenza. The Bordetella vaccine is especially recommended for dogs that frequently interact with other dogs, such as those that are boarded, groomed, or visit dog parks. The Bordetella vaccine can be administered via injection, orally, or as nose drops, with the latter providing more rapid local immunity.

Effectiveness of Kennel Cough Vaccines

The immunity provided by vaccines, or even natural infection, is neither complete nor long-lasting. Therefore, it is crucial to consult a veterinarian for specific vaccination recommendations. Some kennel facilities may require booster vaccinations before boarding, and veterinarians may recommend booster shots every six months to maintain optimal protection.

Additional Considerations

In addition to vaccinations, good hygiene practices and reducing stress can help prevent kennel cough. Avoid exposing your dog to known risk factors such as crowded places and environments with poor air quality. Regular check-ups with your veterinarian can also ensure that your dog remains healthy and up-to-date on vaccinations.

Conclusion

Kennel cough is a common but preventable disease. Understanding its causes, recognizing the symptoms, and taking appropriate preventive measures can help keep your dog healthy and happy. Always consult with your veterinarian for the best practices in protecting your dog from this infectious disease.

Additional Sources

For more information on kennel cough and other canine respiratory diseases, you can visit:

1. American Kennel Club
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
3. Veterinary Partner
4. PetMD

By staying informed and proactive, you can help ensure your dog’s well-being and reduce the risk of kennel cough in your community.

Keep Learning